演员:最卓越的图像符号——兼论艾思林的演员符号观

The Actor:the Iconic Sign par Excellence——On Esslin's Ideas of Actors as Signs

艾思林指出,演员是最卓越的图像符号,演员是戏剧的首要成分,是戏剧的核心。演员除了拥有由本人控制的个人人格和情欲魅力的意义生成的基本特性之外,还拥有一系列的符号系统,这些符号包括演员使用的表现技巧,即阅读文本的嗓音音调的调整、面部表情、身势、空中聚集或运动,还包括演员身上携带的东西如化妆和演出服装等。艾思林的理论对于我们今后进一步理解和研究舞台剧以及影视剧等无疑具有直接的参照和借鉴价值。

Pointing out that the actor is the best iconic sign, Esslin stresses the actor should be the primary element in drama, around which the drama revolves. In addition to the basic meaning-generating quality of his own personality and erotic magnetism the actor has at his disposal an array of sign systems ： those derived from the expressive techniques based on the use of his body, such as the use of the voice in modulating the text, facial expression, gesture and grouping or movement in space, and those the actor carries on his body, such as make-up and costume. Undoubtedly, Esslin＇s theory can be a reference for us to understand and study drama further.