颜面部血管瘤患儿父母对疾病的认知和心理状况

Parental Cognition and Psychological State on Facial Hemangiomas in Children

目的了解颜面部血管瘤患儿父母对疾病认知和心理状况,为临床心理干预提供依据。方法 2009-2010年采用症状自评量表和自行设计的一般资料问卷,对80名患儿父母的疾病认知和态度以及心理状况进行调查。结果患儿父母对血管瘤疾病知识的了解程度较差,对待患儿罹患疾病存在震惊、内疚等负性心理;但所有父母都认为应该早期治疗疾病,88.8%的患儿父母有信心坚持治疗;颜面部血管瘤患儿父母的焦虑和偏执、人际关系和恐怖因子与常模比较,差异均有统计学意义。不同学历的父母对血管瘤疾病的认知和态度存在差异,而患儿父母的疾病认知和态度又对其心理健康状况存在不同程度的影响。结论医护人员应针对颜面部血管瘤患儿父母的不同特点进行个性化干预,通过针对性的健康教育和心理疏导帮助其调整心态,指导他们在维护自身心理健康的前提下帮助患儿更好地配合治疗和护理,改善患儿的预后。

Objective To comprehend the cognition and psychological state of parents of children with facial hemangiomas so as to provide basis for clinical psychological intervention.Methods From June 2009 through June 2010,the cognition,attitude and psychological state of parents of 80 children with facial hemangiomas was investigated by adopting symptom checklist（SCL-90）and self-designed questionnaires.Results Parents of children with hemangiomas had poor understanding of the disease accompanied with shock and guilt and other negative psychological reactions for children suffering from the disease.All the parents insisted that early treatment was necessary and 88.8% of the parents were confident to adhere to the treatment.Compared with the norm,significant differences were observed in parental anxiety,paranoia,interpersonal relationships and fear factor in children with facial hemangiomas.Varied differences were also observed in parents with different education backgrounds of children with facial hemangiomas in cognition and attitude to hemangiomas,which affected their psychological health status diversely.Conclusion Health care staff should provide individualized nursing intervention according to the characteristics of parents of children with hemangiomas,consider about all relevant factors,pay attention to the psychological state of this population,and provide individualized nursing intervention.Targeted health education and psychological counseling are suggested to help them adjust their mentality,gain their cooperation of treatment and improve the prognosis of patients under the premise of maintaining their own mental health.