狼尾草属土生种花粉形态的观察研究(摘要)(英文)

Observation Study on Pollen Morphology of Chinese Pennisetum

[目的]研究狼尾草属土生种花粉的形态。[方法]对狼尾草属土生种3草种、1变种的3个变形共6份材料的花粉颗粒进行光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察。[结果]花粉粒形态为近球形或近球形,萌发孔为单孔,位于远极面,周围有明显加厚处,花粉壁薄而易皱,分为2层,外壁纹饰与颗粒大小各不相同,存在明显差异。[结论]狼尾草土生种结实率低的问题与花粉粒形态不够饱满具有一定关系;花粉粒形状与外壁纹饰的差异性与狼尾草属草种、变种的划分相一致;花粉形态与结实率的关联性,为引种狼尾草优良草种及育种亲本材料的选择提供了依据。

[Objective] The aim was to study pollen morphology of Pennisetum native species.[Method] We carried out the observation by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope on six materials of pollen grains including three species and three transmogrifications from one variant of Pennisetum native species.[Result] The pollen grains were globose or subglobose.Germination aperture which located at distal side was singular and its circumambience was thickened.Pollen wall which had two layers was thin and easy to be crimpled.There were obvious differences between ektexine ornamentations as well as particle sizes.[Conclusion] The question of low seed-setting rate of Pennisetum native species had relations with the withered pollen morphology to some extent.The differences between pollen morphology as well as ektexine ornamentations accorded with the division of species and variants from Pennisetum.In addition,the relationship between pollen morphology and seed-setting rate provided references to introduce good grass seed and choose breeding parent materials of Pennisetum.