摘要
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is a non-epithelial neoplasm arising from the wall of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.It is most frequently found in the stomach(60%-70%),followed by the small intestine(20%-30%),the colorectum(10%),and the esophagus(<5%).Some GISTs occur in the omentum,mesentery and retroperitoneum.GIST arising in the retroperitoneum is extremely rare,and its radiological findings have not been well described.However GISTs account for 2%-3% of all gastric tumors.GISTs are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.GIST referred to in the older medical literature as leiomyomas,leiomyoblastomas,and leiomyosarcomas because they were believed to originate from the smooth muscle layers of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.Recently,however,immunoreactivity for KIT(CD117,a tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor)has differentiated gastrointestinal stromal tumors from true leiomyomas,leiomyosarcomas,neurofibromas,and schwannomas.In this review,we summarize the imaging findings of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and to determine whether some imaging features are useful for predicting malignancy in these tumors.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor（GIST）is a non-epithelial neoplasm arising from the wall of the gastrointestinal（GI）tract.It is most frequently found in the stomach（60%-70%）,followed by the small intestine（20%-30%）,the colorectum（10%）,and the esophagus（〈5%）.Some GISTs occur in the omentum,mesentery and retroperitoneum.GIST arising in the retroperitoneum is extremely rare,and its radiological findings have not been well described.However GISTs account for 2%-3% of all gastric tumors.GISTs are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.GIST referred to in the older medical literature as leiomyomas,leiomyoblastomas,and leiomyosarcomas because they were believed to originate from the smooth muscle layers of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.Recently,however,immunoreactivity for KIT（CD117,a tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor）has differentiated gastrointestinal stromal tumors from true leiomyomas,leiomyosarcomas,neurofibromas,and schwannomas.In this review,we summarize the imaging findings of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and to determine whether some imaging features are useful for predicting malignancy in these tumors.
