不同水氮处理对糯小麦品质性状的影响

Effects of Different Treatments with Water and Nitrogen on Quality of Waxy Wheat

在盆栽试验条件下,以糯麦12为材料,研究3个水分水平(渍水、对照、干旱)和两个氮肥水平(不追施氮肥、追施氮肥)共6个处理对糯小麦糖类、淀粉、蛋白质含量等品质的性状影响.结果表明:糯小麦的主要品质性状存在显著的水氮效应,且在淀粉、戊聚糖含量、SDS沉降值、PPO活性性状品质上,水氮间存在着显著的互作效应.水分对照处理(水分含量适宜)下,追施氮肥可显著降低糯麦12可溶性糖含量,降低10.7%;干旱处理下糯小麦总糖含量最低,果聚糖含量提高;渍水处理下追施氮肥,糯麦12籽粒中戊聚糖和果聚糖含量分别提高66.8%和69.2%;水氮互作对淀粉含量的影响达显著水平,在水分对照处理+追施氮肥处理下,糯麦12的淀粉含量提高7.84%;水分对照处理下糯麦12的蛋白质含量最高,追施氮肥可进一步提高糯小麦籽粒蛋白质含量;追施氮肥可提高适宜水分和渍水处理条件下糯麦12的SDS-沉降值,并降低其PPO活性.干旱处理下糯麦12的峰值粘度、最终粘度、稀懈值最高,表明干旱条件下有利于提高糯小麦淀粉糊化特性各项指标.本研究结果表明,水氮合理运筹是改善糯小麦品质的重要栽培措施.

To study the effect of water and nitrogen application on the quality of waxy wheat（Noumai 12）,pot experiment was carried out under three water treatments（waterlogging,moderate water supply and drought） and two nitrogen levels（no nitrogen and top-dress nitrogen）.The results showed that the significant interactions between water and nitrogen on starch,pentosan,SDS-sedimentation and PPO value of waxy wheat were observed.Under moderate water supply（CK） treatment,additional nitrogen reduced the grain soluble sugar content（by 10.7%） of the waxy wheat Noumai 12,suggesting that the content of grain soluble sugar could be reduced by top-dress nitrogen in field experiment,and compared with waterlogging and CK,drought increased fructan content in the Noumai12.Under waterlogging condition,additional nitrogen increased the contents of pentosan and fructan by 66.8% and 69.2%,respectively.The grain starch content of Noumai 12 was increased by 7.84% under nitrogen and waterlogging treatments.Compared with waterlogging and drought,both CK and additional nitrogen increased the content of protein.Under waterlogging and CK,additional nitrogen increased SDS-sedimentation and reduced PPO activity value of the waxy wheat.Drought increased peak viscosity（PV）,final viscosity（FV）,and breakdown（BD） value of the wheat.These results indicated that the quality of the waxy wheat could be improved by moderate water and nitrogen application.