神经内科住院患者肺部感染的相关危险因素分析及护理对策

Pulmonary Infection Risk Factor and Care Solution for Neurology Department Patients

目的分析神经内科住院患者肺部感染的相关危险因素，探讨相应护理措施。方法整理我院神经内科收治的280例脑血管疾病患者的临床资料，回顾性分析合并肺部感染的相关危险因素。结果280例患者中89例合并肺部感染，发生率为31．8％，主要危险因素有年龄、脑出血的出血量、有无意识障碍及吞咽困难、卧床时间、是否有呼吸道侵入性治疗、有无基础性疾病以及肺部感染前是否应用过广谱抗生素。结论积极有效的治疗原发疾病，做好病房的消毒与隔离、切断感染途径、做好基础护理工作及保持呼吸道通畅，是减少肺部感染的有效护理对策。

Objective Department of Neurology Hospital of pulmonary infection in patients with risk factors, discuss the appropriate care measures. Methods Admitted to our hospital neurology order of 280 cases of cerebrovaseular disease, clinical data, retrospective analysis of pulmonary infection associated risk factors. Results 280 patients in 89 cases of pulmonary infection, the rate was 31.8%, the main risk factors were age, amount of bleeding cerebral hemorrhage, disorders and dysphagia are the unconscious, bed time, whether invasive treatment of respiratory tract, with or without basic disease and pulmonary infection had been applied before the broad-spectrum antibiotics. Conclusion Active and effective treatment for primary disease, good sterilization and isolation wards, cut off the routes of infection, good basic nursing care and maintaining airway patency, lung infection is to reduce the effective nursing.