570例儿童急性中毒特点和构成分析

Analyzing Characteristics and Composition of Acute Poisoning of Children

目的：分析近9年豫北地区儿童急性中毒特点及毒物变迁。方法：对2000年8月31日至2009年8月31日豫北地区570例急性中毒儿童的中毒年龄、中毒原因、中毒途径、中毒地域、毒物种类分析、毒物变迁进行分析。结果：中毒年龄集中在16岁（56.14%）,中毒原因以误服最多见（61.40%）、自杀其次（35.09%）,中毒途径以消化道为主（96.49%）、吸入中毒次之（3.51%）,中毒地域以农村为主（96.49%）,毒物种类以灭鼠药中毒为主（40.35%）、其次为农药（38.60%）,毒物变迁提示2000-2006年毒物以灭鼠药为主（67.72%）,2006-2009年毒物以农药为主（77.72%）。结论：儿童急性中毒年龄集中在16岁,以误服最多见,毒物变迁提示禁售灭鼠药的重要性。

Objective：To explore the characteristic of acute poisoning of children and to search the change of the poison in the north of Henan province during the past 9 years.Methods：This retrospective study was performed on poisoning age,cause of poisoning,intoxication means,intoxication region,type of poison and poison changes of 570 cases of poisoning who were treated,including during nine years（from 31 august 2000 to 31 august 2009）.Results： The poisoning age was concentrated in the 1-6 years age（56.14%）.The most common cause of poisoning was by oral intake（61.40%）,followed by suicide（35.09%）.The main intoxication means was the digestive tract（96.49%）,followed inhalation poisoning（3.51%）.The intoxication region was largely rural area（96.49%）.The main type of poison was the rat poison（40.35%）,followed pesticides（38.60%）.The poison changes presented that in 2000-2006 the main type of poison was rat poison（67.72%） and in 2006-2009 the main type of poison was pesticide-based（77.72%）.Conclusions： Children with acute poisoning age focused on 1-6 years,accidental poisoning was most,it was important to ban raticide.