汉语处置介词的来源和替换

Prepositions of Disposal in Chinese:Historical Origins and Diachronic Substitutions

汉语历史上的处置介词主要有三个语义来源:"执持"义动词,"给与"义动词,工具介词;文献中使用最多的是第一类;但不是所有的"执持"义动词都虚化成了处置介词,比如"执"和"握"就没有,本文对其原因作了初步分析,并讨论了汉语处置介词的历时替换。

Historically,the prepositions of disposal in Chinese derived chiefly from three semantic sources,i.e.： verbs indicating ＂to take＂ and/or ＂to hold＂,verbs meaning ＂to give＂,and instrumental prepositions.While the prepositions that derived from the first category of verbs have been most widely used,not all verbs therein have been grammaticalized into prepositions of disposal,including,among others,＂zhi＂（lit.to grasp） and ＂wo＂（lit.to hold）.This paper makes a probe into the reasons for the phenomenon,and addresses the diachronic substitutions of prepositions of disposal in Chinese.