眷顾与批判:民俗叙事的两重视角与两种姿态——民俗文化视域中的现代中国文学

Favor and Criticism:Two Perspectives and Attitudes in Folk-custom Narrative——Modern and Contemporary Literature in the Angle of Folk-custom Culture

中国新文学的民俗叙事,蕴涵着对现代中国文化的深层开掘与文学审美价值的提升,应有其重要意义。由于作家们用不同眼光审视民俗文化,新文学的民俗叙事便有两重视角与两种姿态:一是从启蒙文化的角度反思中国传统文化,透视民俗背后历史积淀的滞重和国民精神的愚弱,对民俗多取"批判"姿态;二是引入文化人类学等理论,从更宽泛的意义上审察民俗,多自然平和的鉴赏趣味,寄托着对"乡村家园"的眷恋之情。

The folk-custom narrative in China＇s new literature has great significance in developing modern Chinese culture and aesthetic value.Authors have different views of folk-custom culture and thus have different angles.One is the attitude of criticism that traditional Chinese culture is examined in the angle of cultural enlightenment,which surveys the historical stagnancy and foolishness in the national spirit.The other is the attitude of favor that some theories of cultural anthropology are introduced,which surveys the folk-custom in a wide sense and favors＂rural homestead＂of natural peace.