马来麻竹生物质风电叶片的制造与评价

Manufacture and Performance Evaluation of Wind Turbine Blades from Dendrocalamus latiflorus Biomass Composite Materials

针对目前玻璃钢风电叶片存在的不可再生利用的问题,利用动态热机械分析仪(DMA)检测1～4 a竹龄的马来麻竹竹青试件的常温存储模量值,用于作为最佳的风电叶片复合材料的增强相使用,再按不同竹龄将马来麻竹竹青制成竹青层积材,利用INSTRON 5582万能力学试验机对马来麻竹竹青层积材分别进行检测。实验证明:随着马来麻竹竹龄的增加,马来麻竹竹青试件的常温存储模量值也相应的增加,也就是说,在常温条件下,马来麻竹竹青的刚性随马来麻竹竹龄的增加而增加,但是马来麻竹到了一定竹龄后,其竹青的刚性渐渐趋于稳定。一般3 a生的成熟马来麻竹的竹青部分的常温存储模量位于1010Pa(10 GPa)数量级以上,一般能满足作为风力发电叶片复合材料中增强相材料的使用。由3 a生的成熟马来麻竹竹青制成的竹青层积材复合材料,其物理力学性能均达到或超过目前国外风电叶片在用的常规木材/环氧层积材。

The current commercial wind turbine blades made by fiberglass-reinforced plastics （FRP） were not renewable. A renewable biomass composite material from Dendrocalamus latiflorus was examined. Storage modulus at room temperature of the outer of bamboo with 1-4 year-old that was used as the reinforcing phase in the composite were measured. Laminated materials were prepared from the outer of bamboo according to the age, and the mechanical properties were measured by universal mechanical test instrument INSTRON 5582. The results showed that the values of the storage modulus of the outer of bamboo increased with the age, and then the rigidity kept stable after certain age. Generally, the value of the stor- age modulus at room temperature of the a 3-year-old bamboo outer was over the order of 10^10Pa（10 GPa）, and could be used as as the reinforcing phase in the composite of the blade. The mechanical properties of the composite made from 3-year-old bamboo outer were as good as or better than those made by conven- tional or epoxy laminated materials used to make the blade in the world.