中国农村老年人养老院居住意愿的影响因素研究

Factors Affecting the Old People's Willingness to Entering the Elderly Homes in Rural China

利用西安交通大学人口研究所2006年在安徽省巢湖地区进行的"安徽省老年人生活福利状况"抽样调查数据,采用Logistic多元回归模型,分析老年人社会经济状况、健康状况、孝道观念和代际支持因素对老年人入住养老院意愿的影响。居家养老符合大部分农村老年人的愿望,但也有相当一部分老年人对机构养老抱有期待。传统的孝道观念对于农村老年人选择养老院养老起到了阻碍作用。慢性病所带来的医疗需求是老年人愿意入住养老院的动机之一。老年人在居家养老中更重视感情上的"孝",而子女给予的实际的"养"并不能降低老年人入住养老院的意愿。

Using sample data from the survey of ＂Welfare of the Elderly in Anhui Province, China＂ conducted in December 2006 by the Institute for Population and Development Studies of Xi＇an Jiaotong University, this paper studies factors determining the Chinese rural elder＇s willingness to enter the elderly homes. The effects of rural elder＇s personal characteristics, healthy status, filial piety concept and intergenerational support were examined in logistic regression models. The result reveals that family living fits in the willingness of most of the rural elders, while there are still expectations owned by quiet a few elders. The traditional filial piety concepts hinder the choice of entering elderly homes. Medical care need brought by chronic diseases is one of the motives of entering elder homes. Rural elders care more about the sentimental ＂filial piety＂, while ＂practical care＂ such as financial or instrumental support can not lower this willingness.