生育利益调节机制:计划生育走向公共治理

The Regulation Mechanism of Procreative Interests:from Family Planning to Public Governance

生育利益调节机制是解决人口数量、结构、素质等诸多问题的公共治理机制。该机制是对计划生育的拓展,把生育行为的选择权力还之于民。其核心是通过一系列调整生育收益和成本的公共政策,引导公民自主选择生育,使生育行为微观选择的宏观效应最终符合国家人口政策目标。其理论模型包括宏观模型、微观模型和传导机制。宏观模型是政府判断人口发展趋势、制定人口发展战略的依据,微观模型体现了公民生育行为选择的过程,传导机制是根据宏观模型制定的一系列改变公民边际生育收益及成本、具有生育行为替代效应的公共政策。

The regulation mechanism of procreative interests is a kind of public governance used to settle the problems like the number, structure and quality of population. It is an extension of family planning, which gives back the option right of procreative behavior to people. Its core ideal is to guide people to do free procreative option by a set of public polices adios- dug the costs and gains of procreative behavior, finally by which the effect in macro level would come to meet objectives of population policy. The theoretical models of this mechanism include macro models, micro models and transmission mechanism. The macro models are the basis that the government can measure population trends and formulate population development strategy, while what the micro models show is the selection process of citizen procreative behaviors. Based on the macro models, public policies are formulated, which forms the conduction mechanism and by which the marginal benefit and cost of procreation can change and then further affect the selection of procreative behavior.