深圳市龙岗区1993—2009年职业病发病情况

Incidence of Occupational Diseases in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 1993 to 2009

目的阐明深圳市龙岗区职业病的发病规律,为深圳市龙岗区职业病危害防治体系建设提供依据。方法对该区从1993建区至2009年的职业病的发病情况进行回顾性分析。结果该区17年间共发生职业病117起457人,死亡10人,都是由有机溶剂引起,三氯乙烯引起的死亡病例8人,占80%。职业病主要集中在电子、蓄电池,其次为塑料玩具和电镀企业。职业病种类主要为正己烷中毒(22.97%)和铅中毒(17.50%),其次为接触性皮炎(16.85%)和二甲基甲酰胺中毒(7.22%)。1996、2001和2006年发病呈现出阶段性峰值。结论正己烷、三氯乙烯、铅、粉尘、二氯乙烷和苯为该区职业病危害高风险因素,电子、蓄电池、塑胶玩具、电镀、机械五金企业为该区高风险行业。

[Objective]To elucidate the occurrence regularity of occupational disease in Longgang District of Shenzhen City,and provide evidence for establishing occupational disease prevention and control system in Longgang District of Shenzhen City.[Methods]A retrospective study was carried out on the incidence of occupational diseases in Longgang District from 1993 to 2009.[Results]A total 457 cases of occupational diseases were reported in the last 17 years,with 10 death cases all caused by organic solvent exposure,among which 8 caused by trichloroethylene（80%）.The most cases were in electronic and storage battery industry,followed by plastic toy and electroplate industry.The occupational diseases mainly were n-hexane poisoning（22.97%）and lead poisoning（17.50%）,followed by contact dermatitis（16.85%） and dimethyl formamide poisoning（7.22%）.Phased peaks appeared in year 1996,2001 and 2006.[Conclusion]The high risk factors of occupational hazards are n-hexane,trichloroethylene,lead,dust,dichloroethane and benzene in this district.The electronic industry,storage battery industry,plastic toy industry,electroplate industry and machinery hardware industry belong to the industries with high risk.