粗集料的表面微观纹理的激光测量方法及分形性质研究

Research on Measurement of Surface Micro-texture of Aggregate Using Laser and Its Fractal Character

研制了一种采用激光三角测量技术的微距测量系统,对路面常用的花岗岩、玄武岩等粗集料的表面微观纹理进行测量,并分析了系统各种误差等干扰因素。利用MATLAB平台,采用盒子计数法对各种表面曲线及其所对应的原始数据进行分析,得出表面纹理的分形维数。测量分析系统总体抗干扰能力较强,满足粗集料微观测量要求,系统总体可靠、可行。对比研究结果表明,粗集料表面微观纹理分维数越大则其粗糙程度越复杂,越有利于提高路面抗滑性能,所选样品的玄武岩,花岗岩和卵石的表面微观纹理分维数依次减小且分维数有明显差异,符合实际应用情况,因此本测量分析方法为沥青面层石料的优选提供了新的方法和指标。

A micro-distance measurement system was developed using laser triangulation technique,the surface micro-texture of granite,basalt and other coarse aggregates commonly used on the road was measured,and the system errors were analyzed.Using MATLAB platform,the curves and their original data of various surfaces were analysised by box-counting method,and the fractal dimension of surface texture was derived.The overall anti-interference ability of the measurement system is strong and meets the requirements of coarse aggregate micro-measurement,and the overall system is reliable and feasible.Comparative results show that（1） the larger the fractal dimension of surface micro-texture of coarse aggregate,the more complex its roughness,and more help to improve road skid resistance;（2） the fractal dimensions of surface micro-texture of the selected samples of basalt,granite and pebble decrease in order and the fractal dimensions are significantly different,which in line with the actual application.Therefore,this measurement method provides a new approach and indicators for the stone preferred for asphalt surface.