薄壁梁诱导槽结构抗撞性优化设计及应用

Optimal Design of Thin-walled Rail with Inducing Groove for Crashworthiness and Its Application

通过分析各种变形诱导结构设计特点的基础上,提出了一种有效的变形诱导槽结构。将该变形诱导槽结构应用于某车架前纵梁的碰撞模拟中,以提高其动态吸能特性。选取前纵梁诱导结构的主要设计参数作为研究对象,采用响应面法并结合正交试验设计、显式有限元方法等来进行分析。建立了前纵梁诱导结构的总吸能和最大冲击载荷的多目标优化模型,并对模型的精度进行了验证。采用MATLAB求解得到了薄壁梁的最优设计参数和多目标优化后的Pareto最优解,并通过有限元分析对薄壁梁最优设计参数进行了验证。最后将优化好的薄壁纵梁诱导结构应用于某越野车40%偏置碰模拟中,结果表明A柱的加速度峰值显著降低,整车的被动安全性得到提高。

An effective structure of deformation inducing groove was proposed by analyzing a variety of deformation-inducing structural features.The groove structure was used in front rail of a vehicle＇s frame for collision simulation to improve its dynamic crashworthiness characteristics of energy absorption.Several design parameters of the front rail structure were selected and used to optimize the structure.The analytic methodology adopted in this research combined response surface method（RSM） with orthogonal experimental design and explicit finite element analysis.The multi-objective optimization model for energy absorption and maximum impact force of the front rail structure was created,and the accuracy of the model was validated.The optimal parameter values and the Pareto optimal solution of the multi-objective model were found with MATLAB,and the optimal results were verified through finite element analysis of thin-walled rail with inducing groove.At last,the optimal rail was used in an off-road vehicle＇s 40% offset collision simulation,and the result shows that the peak value of pillar A＇s acceleration can be significantly reduced and the passive safety of the vehicle can be improved.