怒族多元文化互动与性别承载

The Multi-cultural Interaction and Gender Embodiment of the Nu Nationality

怒族是云南特有的直接从原始社会末期过渡到社会主义社会人口较少的民族。怒族社会呈现出鲜明的多元文化共生特征,其中既有历史积淀的因素使然,也有国际化、现代化的发展趋势影响。怒族社会在交流与碰撞、融合与排斥、重构与再生的多元嬗变过程中,呈现族群性别的平等与尊重、圆融与发展,交织着传统与现代文明接轨的独特因素。多元文化中的怒族性别承载主要体现在怒族服饰、日常用品、居住、节庆、饮食等方面,分别其性别配置理念在民族文化传承中的形式、途径、手段和机制,探索怒族女性在民族文化传承、男性参与保护怒族传统森林文化,复兴本民族生态生存方式和生活经验,发展怒族社会区域经济,建构怒族两性合力的民族文化保护与发展的和谐生态系统,怒族人民才能在认识自然、继承祖先生态生存经验的总结中获得发展的良性启迪,并在不断了解外来文化的过程中对其他民族文化占有、甄别、挑选、为我所用,吸取精华,剔除糟粕,理性地选择适合自己族群发展的文化。

The Nu nationality is a minority group in China that directly entered socialism from the late primitive society. The Nu society has the clear features of multi - cultural symbiosis which is related to its history as well as the influence of modernization and interna- tionalization. In the process of cultural exchanges and conflicts, the Nu society has reconstructed itself with the features of equality and mutual respect as well as the integration of its tradition with modern civilization. The gender embodiment of the Nu nationality finds ex- pression in many aspects like clothes, ornaments, daily articles, houses, festivals, foods and others. The inheritance mechanism and means of the Nu nationality reflect their lifestyle and attitudes towards other cultures as well as their relation with Nature, and a correct understanding of their acculturation and socialization process will help the healthy cultural development of the Nu nationality.