沿海地区全民食盐加碘防治碘缺乏病效果分析

Analysis of effect on control iodine deficiency disorders by universal salt iodization in coastal areas

目的 评价全民食盐加碘对碘缺乏病病情消长趋势的影响。方法 在食盐加碘 ２ 年后采用容量比例概率法在闽东南沿海 １０ 个县、市、区各抽取 １ ２００ 名 ８～１０ 岁儿童进行甲状腺肿大率调查，每个县、市、区再抽检 ２１０ 名儿童进行尿碘水平和家中盐碘含量的测定，并在莆田市观察 ２ ７７２名新生儿脐带血（全血）ｓ Ｔ Ｓ Ｈ 水平。结果 １９９７ 年 １０ 个县、市、区儿童甲肿率为 １４０５％ ，尿碘水平大于 １００μｇ／ Ｌ 所占比例为 ６８３７％ ，大部分县、市、区儿童尿碘中位数大于 １００μｇ／ Ｌ，莆田市新生儿的ｓ Ｔ Ｓ Ｈ 大于 ５ｍ Ｕ／ Ｌ 占 ２０３％ 。结论 闽东南沿海居民经 ２ 年的全民食盐加碘的干预措施后，碘缺乏病病情已明显下降，居民的碘营养得到改善，但对孕妇和 ０～２ 岁婴幼儿的碘营养监测和补碘工作仍需加强。

Objective Assessing universal salt iodization impact on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).Methods The goiter rate in 1200 pupils aged 8~10 years elected from 10 cunties on south-east areas of Fujian province were examined by using PPS method(1200 from each county),urinary iodine levels in 210 pupils and iodine levels in salt in 210 household in each county were examined after two years through salt iodization.We also observed thyrotropin level in 2 772 neonatal cord blood in Putian city.Results In 10 conties the goiter rate of children was 14.5% in 1997.The proportion of children,whose urinary iodine levels was greater than 100μg/L,were 68.37 % and median urinary iodine levels in most of counties were greater than 100μg/L.The proportion of newborns,whose thyrotropin level of cord blood was greater than 5mU/L in Putian city was 20.3%.Conclusions The prevalence rate of IDD declined considerably and iodine-nutritional status improved in residents in south-east coastal areas of Fujian province after two years through the recommended intervention,universal salt iodization.But iodine-nutritional surveillance and replenish iodine for pregnant women and infants aged 0~2 years still need to be strengthened. [