妊娠高血压疾病患者子代2～5岁神经心理发育现况调查

Neuropsychological development in 2～5 years old offspring of hypertension disorder complicating pregnancy

【目的】探求妊娠期高血压疾病（hypertension disorder complicating pregnancy,HDCP）对其子代神经心理发育的影响。【方法】采用1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法,随访HDCP患者2~5岁子代与正常对照儿童各27人,运用＂0~6岁小儿神经心理发育量表＂对两组儿童的智能进行评价,并收集两组儿童的生活环境及生活习惯行为等。【结果】HDCP子代在妊娠天数、出生体重及出生身长方面均低于正常儿童（P〈0.05）。在神经心理发育方面,显示出HD-CP子代在语言和社交两个维度上的智能以及发育商方面显著低于正常对照儿童（P〈0.05）。在生活环境方面,社交行为智能发育与被动吸烟呈负相关,而与常住人口呈正相关（P〈0.05）。在生活行为方式方面,社交行为智能发育和发育商与每日户外活动时间、喜欢与同龄儿童交流呈正相关（P〈0.05）,而与每日观看电视/电脑的时间呈负相关（P〈0.05）。【结论】HDCP患者生活环境和生活行为方式对儿童的神经心理发育有影响。

【Objective】 To explore the effect of hypertension disorder complicating pregnancy（HDCP） on neuropsychological development of their 2~5 years old offspring. 【Methods】 Using 1∶1 matched case-control study method,chosen 27 offspring in HDCP group and control group.The intelligence was evaluated utilizing 0~6 years infant neuropsychological development scale.The relevant informations were collected,including living environments and lifestyle behaviors. 【Results】 The offspring with HDCP mother were lower than the normal children in the gestational duration days,birth weight and birth length（P0.05）.The language and socialization dimension of neuropsychological development and developmental quotient（DQ） were lower in offspring of HDCP than those of control in 2~5 years old（P0.05）.On the living environment,there was negative correlation between socialization and passive smoking（P0.05）,but positive correlation between socialization and number of inhabitant（P0.05）.On the lifestyle behaviors,there was a positive correlation between outdoor activities time,liking to communicate with other children and socialization,DQ（P0.05）,but a negative correlation between the time for watching TV/computer and socialization and DQ（P0.05）. 【Conclusions】 The living environment and the lifestyle behaviors of HDCP can affect the neuropsychological development.Early intervention is necessary for the neuropsychological development in offspring of HDCP.