南宁市学龄前儿童意外伤害的流行病学调查

Epidemiological study on accidental injuries among preschool children in Nanning

【目的】了解南宁市2~6岁学龄前儿童的意外伤害现状,为预防和控制儿童伤害提供科学依据。【方法】以2008年10月—2009年9月期间南宁市六县六城区2~6岁的学龄前儿童为研究对象,采用统一调查表进行意外伤害调查。【结果】南宁市2~6岁学龄前儿童的意外伤害发生率为25.9%,男女童之间、不同年龄组别儿童之间的意外伤害发生率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;伤害类型居前三位分别是跌倒/坠落（34.9%）、交通事故（27.7%）、碰撞/挤压（12.9%）;受伤部位以头颈最多见（45.4%）;伤害发生以夏季高发,发生地点排前三位是：家里（36.7%）、路上（34.3%）,幼儿园（12.7%）;大多数（90.4%）可治愈,少部分（5.8%）致残,伤害治疗以自费为主。【结论】南宁市学龄前儿童意外伤害发生率较高,应加强学龄前儿童的安全管理和教育,制定切实可行的防范措施,预防儿童意外伤害的发生。

【Objective】 Investigating the accidental injury status of preschool children aged 2～6 years old,to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of child injury. 【Methods】 Preschool children were randomly selected in Nanning,and they were surveyed by a unified questionnaire. 【Results】 The accidental injuries rate of preschool children was 25.9% in Nanning,there was no significant difference between boys and girls,and children of different age groups were also（P0.05）;The top three kinds of injury were fall-related injuries（34.9%）,traffic accidents（27.7%）,collision/extrusion（12.9%）;The most common injured site was head and neck,injury high occurred in summer,and the occurrence of top three places were at home（36.7%）,out-door（34.3%）,kindergartens（12.7%）;Majority（90.4%） cured,a small part became disabled,and majority paid the fees by themselves. 【Conclusions】 The injury rate of preschool children is high in Nanning;Safety education and management should strengthened in preschool children to prevent injuries occurred.