从海洋看陆地:斯威夫特与《格列佛游记》

Re-examining the Land from the Sea: Swift and Gulliver’s Travels

18世纪早期的英国崇尚航海与冒险,也正是理性高奏凯歌的时代,斯威夫特却以"万物链"思想为依托,在《格列佛游记》中对当时英国(欧洲)的社会、政治、科技乃至人性的各个方面进行了激烈抨击。格列佛四次出海航行的经历,既是重要的形式要素,推进人物的性格发展,又提供了广阔的想象空间,使读者能够以海外之域为镜,反观时代的弊端与人性的缺陷。

Disguised in the form of popular sea travels and based on the idea of the Great Chain of Beings, Swift created his Gulliver＇s Travels to censure his country and his time from almost every aspect. The sea travels which Gulliver took in the fiction help the formation of the protagonist＇s character on the one hand, and provides a broad space for the readers to re-examine their lives and themselves on the other.