强制戒毒所吸毒人员艾滋病健康教育效果评价

Evaluation on effect of AIDS health education among drug abusers in Compulsory Rehabilitation Center in Xi'an and Baoji city

目的了解陕西省西安市和宝鸡市强制戒毒所吸毒人群艾滋病认知状况,评价其开展相关健康教育的效果。方法在调查了解西安市和宝鸡市吸毒人群艾滋病认知状况的基础上,采用多媒体讲座、播放艾滋病健康教育光碟等形式对其进行健康教育,比较健康教育前后吸毒人群艾滋病认知状况的变化。结果西安市和宝鸡市强制戒毒所吸毒人群对艾滋病相关知识有一定了解,对输血或血制品、性行为和母婴传播的正确回答率分别为88.2%、86.8%和83.1%,但基础知识问题和非传播途径问题正确回答率相对较低,对是否有有效疫苗和蚊虫叮咬能否传播的正确回答率分别为55.9%和56.7%;健康教育后1个月,各问题的正确回答率均高于健康教育前,三大传播途径的正确回答率分别为94.3%、91.0%和90.7%;其他问题的正确回答率基本>80%。结论强制戒毒所吸毒人群艾滋病认知状况仍有提升空间,讲座和播放录像的健康教育方式简便易行、效果良好,应在强制戒毒所中定期开展。

Objective To explore related knowledge about HIV/AIDS and to evaluate the effect of AIDS health education among drug abusers in Compulsory Rehabilitation Center in Xi＇an and Baoji city of Shaanxi provice.Methods On the basis of cognitive status about HIV/AIDS through a survey,we developed a health education program with lecture and video.The interviews with a same questionnaire were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the effect of the health education.Results Before the health education,drug abusers in the Compulsory Rehabilitation Centers had some knowledge about HIV/AIDS with correct answer rates of more than 70% for most of AIDS knowledge and low correct answer rates for basic knowledge and non-transmission route of AIDS.One month after the health education,the correct answer rates were higher than those before with the rates above 80% for most of the questions.Conclusion Cognitive status about HIV/AIDS among drug abusers still needs to be improved.The health education with lecture and video is easy to implement and has good effect and should be applied periodically in Compulsory Rehabilitation Center.