空间搭载新麦草当代种质抗旱评价

The evaluation of new drought tolerant germplasms in Russian wildrye(Psathyrostachys juncea) by space breeding

在新麦草(Psathyrostachys juncea)航天诱变当代选择植株高、叶片大、丛幅宽的植株25份,测定其相对含水量、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量,综合比较其抗旱性能。结果表明,15、21、24号新麦草植株较高,15、21和11号新麦草叶片较长,21、7、17号叶片较宽,10、21号新麦草丛幅较大;1和3号在干旱胁迫下可维持叶片较高的含水量,2、3、6和23号通过提高可溶性糖的含量来保护植物体少受害,11和12号可以将丙二醛水平控制在较低水平,11和24号新麦草的叶片中积累的脯氨酸含量比较高,具有较高的耐旱性。根据以上指标反应出的抗旱性,采用聚类分析可将这25份新麦草材料分为4个抗旱级别,较强抗旱为23、25、24、10、21和15号;中度抗旱为11、22号;较弱抗旱为12、13、16、6、7、2、3、4、8、17、19、1、20、5、14和9号;抗旱性最弱为18号。

Twenty-five Russian Wildrye （Psathyrostachys juncea） germplasms were selected from the first generation individuals developed from space flight seeds to test the drought tolerance by using the relative water content, MDA content, proline content and soluble sugar content The results of this study showed that the height of individual 15, 21 and 24 were higher than that of others, leaf length of individual 15, 21 and 11 were longer than that of others, leaf width of individual 21, 7 and 17 were widest, and that cover of individual 10 and 21 was biggest. The individual 1 and 3 maintained higher relative water content under drought environment and the individual 2, 3, 6 and 23 showed the soluble sugar content. The MDA content in 11 and 12 individuals was lower and the proline content in 11 and 24 individuals was higher. The cluster analysis showed that 25 germplasms of Russian Wildrye were divided into three groups by drought tolerance, indicating that 23, 25, 24, 10, 21 and 15 fell into the group with stronger drought tolerance, 11 and 22 showed the medium drought tolerance, and that the weaker drought tolerance group included 12, 13, 16, 6, 7, 2, 3, 4, 8, 17, 19, 1, 20, 5, 14 and 9,the weakest drought tolerance group included 18.