紫云英研究进展

Advance in Astragalus sinicus research

阐述了紫云英(Astragalus sinicus)选育和栽培、回田及综合利用等方面的研究概况,在育种及栽培技术方面,介绍了国内外选育的优良品种及紫云英丸衣种子、根瘤菌剂的应用、以小肥养大肥等技术;在回田利用方面,紫云英作为绿肥不仅能够提高土壤肥力,增加作物产量,还能固氮节能,减少氮素流失,促进土壤有机碳的积累,减少CO2的排放;在综合利用方面,介绍了紫云英作为富硒产品、蜜源、干草、菜用等方面的利用;针对目前紫云英种植面积不断下降的现状,提出了利用新的育种手段及优良品种扩繁相结合的办法,解决目前紫云英品种陈旧、退化、混杂的问题,大力加强紫云英的示范推广,充分发挥紫云英绿肥在农业可持续发展中的作用。

The breeding, cultivation, returning to soil and comprehensive utilization progresses of Astragalus sinicus were reviewed in this study. The breeding and cultivation included quality variety, obducens seed and application of rhizobium. A. sinicus could improve soil fertility, increase gain yield, benefit nitrogen fixation and energy saving, reduce CO2 emission and soil nitrogen loss, and encourage soil organic carbon to cumulate when it was returned to soil. In the view of comprehensive utilization, this study summarized the progress of A. sinicus utilization as selenium-rich product, nectar source, hay and vegetable. This study proposed that new breeding means and quality variety reproducing were effective approaches to resolve the worse quality, degeneration and complexity of A. sinicus variety for facing the decrease in area of A. sinicus, and suggested that extension of A. sinicus would benefit sustainable development of agriculture as green manure.