强化生态浮床中酶活性变化与净化效果的相关性分析研究

STUDY ON SPATIAL VARIATION OF ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES IN ENHANCED ECOLOGICAL FLOATING RAFT AND ITS CORRELATION WITH PURIFICATION OF WASTEWATER

利用强化生态浮床技术对生物净化槽处理后的崇明岛农村生活污水进行深度处理。研究了强化生态浮床中纤维填料上蛋白酶、脲酶、磷酸酶及脱氢酶活性变化与净化效果之间的关系。在强化生态浮床系统中,蛋白酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和脱氢酶活性均随着空间与季节的变化而发生较大的变化。对于同一季节横向比较而言,4种酶活性基本上从前到后是逐渐减小的,纵向比较上层纤维填料的蛋白酶、脲酶和脱氢酶活性均低于下层的,而磷酸酶则反之。蛋白酶和脲酶活性的沿程各段变化与TN的去除贡献率有一定的关系,但负相关性较差,磷酸酶和脱氢酶沿程各段变化分别与TP及COD的去除贡献率正相关性显著;而从全年上来看,各个季节蛋白酶和磷酸酶活性与TN及TP总去除率相关性显著,脲酶和脱氢酶活性与TN及COD总去除率相关性较差。这充分说明强化生态浮床对污染物质的去除是综合了不同季节的植物、纤维填料、微生物及酶的联合作用的结果,直接将各种酶活性与不同季节沿程各阶段污染物去除贡献率及污染物总去除率之间建立线性关系似乎过于简单,因此可以考虑将酶活性作为评价浮床运行情况的重要指标。

A deep treatment on purification of effluent of biological purification tank for rural domestic sewage in Chongming-Island by using enhanced ecological floating raft was performed.The spatial variation of activities of proteinase,urease,phosphatase and dehydrogenase in the fiber padding of the enhanced ecological floating raft and its correlation with purification efficiency of wastewater were studied.The four enzymatic activities were varied with the space and the seasons.For the same season,the four enzymatic activities decreased along with flow direction.The proteinase activities,urease activities and dehydrogenase activities increased from the upper layer to the bottom layer,and this was opposite for phosphatase activities.From the special distribution analysis in one year,the variations of proteinase activities and urease activities were irrelevant to the removal contribution of TN.The variations of phosphatase activities and dehydrogenase activities were relevant to the removal contribution of TP and COD.Taken as a whole,proteinase activities and phosphatase activities were relevant to the total removal rate of TN and TP,and urease activities and dehydrogenase activities were irrelevant to the total removal rate of TN and COD.That is to say,enzymatic activities resulted from multifarious factors of the enhanced ecological floating raft,such as the hydrophytes in different seasons,fiber padding and microorganisms.So it is too simple to select one parameter as index of organic matter or nitrogen of phosphorus removal of the enhanced ecological floating raft.Because of these,enzymatic activities can be used as evaluation index of purification efficiency.