论中美关系中的第三方因素

The Third Party Factors in China-U.S.Relations

中美关系中的第三方因素对两国关系的稳定与发展有着特殊的影响,在相互依存度日益紧密和双方力量此消彼长的背景下,两国如何应对双边关系中的"第三者",不但直接影响到中美关系,也影响到"第三者"本身及亚太地区的稳定与和平。两国是否要利用"第三者"而去抗衡或打压对方则是问题的另一方面。从2009年11月奥巴马访问亚洲后的情况看,美国已明显地调整了对华外交政策,由认为两国应该"同舟共济"来"共同管理"世界(G2)到如今利用两国关系中的第三方因素,如在"天安"舰事件、钓鱼岛、南中国海等问题上来牵制中国,表明美国的亚太政策回归到了"均势"理论与实践。本文分析第三方因素的存在,追溯其历史演进,指出任何想利用第三方因素来获取本国利益最大化的政策,既不合时宜,也会危及自身。

The third party factors have special influences on the stability and development in China-U.S. relations.With intensifying interdependence and changes in the balance of power between the two countries,their responses to the'third party'not only affect the bilateral ties,but also the third party itself as well as the stability and peace in the Asia-Pacific region.Besides,whether they will balance or restrain each other with the forces of the third party is another side of this question.It can be clearly seen that after President Barack Obama's Asia trip in November last year,the United States has adjusted its China policy.For example,the United States discarded the expression of'We are in the same boat'or G2(Chinamerica),instead it brought in the third party factor as counterbalance to China on issues of Cheonan Incident,Diaoyu Island and the South China Sea etc.All these changes indicated that the U.S.Asia-Pacific policy has returned to the equilibrium theory and practice.This essay analyzes the existing third party factors and their historic evolution.Based on that,the author concludes that any attempts to use the third party factors to maximize self-interest would be inappropriate and get burnt.