论福柯知识考古学及其意义

Knowledge in Archaeological Sense — On Foucault's Knowledge Archaeology and It's Meaning

作为20世纪西方后现代主义文化思想的重要领军人物,福柯独创了一种研究人文科学的哲学方法:知识考古学。福柯的知识考古学认为,知识不是属于"真理和思想自由"的客观领域,而是与权力相互指涉、相互生产。所谓对知识的考古,就是考察知识形成的过程和原因。这种知识考古学在今天具有重要意义与启示,它瓦解了西方理性主体的先验地位,为现代性危机提供反思拯救的路径;揭露了西方宏观大写历史的虚伪性,让被总体性历史压抑的"沉默他者"发出自己的声音;展示了现代人文社会科学知识形成的复杂冲突机制,击破了西方文化中心论的神话。

As an important leading figure of Western postmodernism in the 20th century,Foucault put forward a creative philosophical method to study the humanities,i.e.the Knowledgeable Archaeology.He upheld that knowledge didn＇t belong to the objective domain of ＂truth and ideological freedom＂.Instead,knowledge had close relation with power.The so-called archaeological studies on knowledge is to investigate the formation process and the reasons of knowledge.Knowledgeable Archaeology destroys the priori position of western rational subject,and provides reflection approaches for saving the crisis of modernism,and it exposes hypocrisy of western macro-method for writing history and it enables the ＂Silent Others＂ to make their own voices.The Knowledge Archaeology reveals the complex conflicting formation mechanism of knowledge in modern humane studies,it breaks up the mythology of western cultural centralism.