新疆耕地资源安全问题及保护策略

Cultivated land resources security of oases and its conservation strategies in Xinjiang

粮食安全问题不仅涉及国家经济安全、社会安全,它还涉及到国家战略安全。耕地资源是粮食生产及粮食安全的基础,耕地资源安全居于国家资源安全的核心地位。我国耕地资源有限。由于耕地数量持续减少,耕地保护日益引起人们的关注。新疆是我国干旱区绿洲农业的主要分布区,也是后备耕地资源最为丰富的省区,在国家耕地保护战略上占据突出地位。然而新疆生态脆弱性强,不合理的水土资源开发引发的耕地退化问题已日趋严重。本文基于国家耕地资源安全层面,分析了新疆耕地资源特点、存在的问题及其诱因,进而探讨了耕地资源的保护策略。

In China, food security not only is related to the issue of economy and society, but also the problem of na- tional strategic security. Cultivated land resource is the key of food production and food security, therefore, culti- vated land resources safety is the core status of country safety. Cultivated land is precious in China, the cultivated land protection has been a central concern of the Chinese government and people in recent years because of the rap- decline in cultivated land. As the most arid oasis agricultural zone and nuclear regions of reserved cultivated land in China, Xinjiang plays an important role in relaxing the tension between people and land, and in maintaining a dynamic balance of cultivated land in China. However, the eco-environment is fragile in Xinjiang, the intensity of cultivated land degeneration increasing with the misuse of water - land resources. Based on the introduction of the current state of Xinjiang＇s cultivated land resources, this paper analyzed the major problems which are related to the cultivated land resources security, such as the quantity and quality of cultivated land resources is declining, the ec- ological environment of cultivated land resources is deteriorating; then, analyzed the inducement of the problems mentioned-above. Finally, some suggestions for protecting and increasing security of cultivated land resources were also proposed.