药物缓释载体材料类型及其临床应用

Type and clinical application of drug delivery carriers

目的:文章对目前国内外几种重要载体材料的临床应用情况进行了阐述。方法:作者以"药物载体,缓释材料,生物降解"为检索词,在中国期刊全文数据通据库(CNKI:1989/2010),采用电子检索的方式对所有相关文献进行了详细检索。排除Meta分析及重复性研究,最终入选20篇文献进入结果分析。结果:生物降解性合成高分子材料安全、可靠,有良好的生物相容性,成为药物缓释载体的首选材料;壳聚糖作为药物缓释载体在减少给药次数,降低药物毒副作用,提高药物疗效等方面具有重要作用;纳米纤维载体可明显增强药物缓释效果;纤维蛋白生物相容性好,是良好的药物缓释载体。结论:药物控制释放体系在机体内可以显示出被动靶向以及缓释等多种优点,它是药物缓释体系的重要组成部分,也是影响药效的主要因素。

OBJECTIVE： To describe the clinical application of several important carrier materials. METHODS： Using ＂drug carrier, sustained-release materials, biodegradable＂ in Chinese as the Keywords, China Academic Journal Full-text database （CNKI： 1989/2010） was retrieved online for all relevant literatures. Meta analysis and repeated studies were excluded, and ultimately 20 articles were involved in the final analysis. RESULTS： The biodegradable synthetic polymer materials are safe and reliable, they have good biocompatibility and become a preferred material of drug delivery carriers; as a drug delivery carrier, chitosan plays an important role on reducing delivery times, reducing drug toxicity, and improving drug effect; nanofiber carriers could remarkably enhance the sustained-release of the drugs; fiber protein exhibits good biocompatibility and considered as a good carrier for drug delivery. CONCLUSION： The drug controlled-release system shows many advantages in vivo, such as passive targeting and sustained-release, it is an important component of drug delivery system and the main factors influencing the efficacy.