食管癌切除后食管胃颈部侧-侧吻合的近期疗效

Short-term outcome of side-to-side stapled cervical esophagogastrostomy after esophagectomy

目的 评价食管癌切除后食管胃颈部侧-侧吻合的近期疗效.方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2009年3月第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所收治的105例接受手术治疗的食管癌患者的临床资料.全组患者在全麻下行食管癌切除术,其中97例行食管胃颈部侧-侧吻合,8例行食管胃颈部手工端-端吻合.从行食管胃颈部侧-侧吻合的患者中选取9例与行食管胃颈部手工端-端吻合的患者进行比较,采用t检验分析两种吻合方式的术后咽食管功能.结果 97例行食管胃颈部侧-侧吻合的患者无手术死亡,吻合时间为15～30 min,平均为（21±3）min.16例患者术后出现并发症,其中肺部并发症7例,经抗感染和对症支持治疗后痊愈;声带麻痹4例,其中2例于术后3个月内恢复,2例为喉返神经损伤所致永久性声带麻痹,但无需进一步处理;吻合口漏3例,经更换敷料痊愈;吻合口狭窄2例,经扩张1～2次痊愈.术后咽食管功能：行食管胃颈部侧-侧吻合患者的吻合口直径为（3.01±0.17）cm,而行食管胃颈部手工端-端吻合患者为（1.69±0.26）cm,两者比较,差异有统计学意义（t=2.093,P＜0.05）;2例行食管胃颈郎侧-侧吻合及4例行食管胃颈部手工端-端吻合的患者主诉有吞咽困难.结论 食管胃颈部侧-侧吻合是简单、安全、有效的吻合方法,吻合区的功能明显优于食管胃颈郎手工端-端吻合.

Objective To evaluate the short-term outcome of side-to-side staple cervical esophagogastrostomy after esophagectomy. Methods The clinical data of 105 patients with esophageal cancer who were admitted to the Daping Hospital from January 2006 to March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 105 patients, 97 received side-to-side stapled cervical esophagogastrostomy and eight received traditional hand-sewn end-to-end cervical esophagogastrostomy. Nine patients were selected from the 97 patients who received side-to-side stapled cervical esophagogastrostomy to conduct matched pair analysis. The efficacy of the two methods was analyzed using the t test. Results No postoperative death was observed. The mean operation time of side-to-side staple cervical esophagogastrostomy was （21 ± 3 ）minutes （range, 15-30 minutes）. Postoperative complications were observed in 16 patients, including pulmonary complications in seven patients, vocal cord paralysis in four patients, anastomotic leakage in three patients and anastomotic stricture in two patients. The mean anastomotic diameter of patients who received side-to-side staple cervical esophagogastrostomy was （ 3. 01 ± 0. 17 ） cm, which was significantly longer than （ 1.69 ± 0. 26） cm of patients who received traditional hand-sewn end-to-end cervical esophagogastrostomy （t =2. 093, P 〈0.05 ）. Dysphagia occurred in two patients who received side-to-side stapled cervical esophagogastrostomy and in four patients who received traditional hand-sewn end-to-end cervical esophagogastrostomy.Conclusions Side-to-side stapled cervical esophagogastrostomy is simple, safe and effective for patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy. This technique could decrease the incidence of postoperative dysphagia and improve the pharyngo-esophageal motor function.