红瘰疣螈皮肤的显微结构观察

Microstructure Observation on the Skin of Tylototriton shanjing

对我国Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物红瘰疣螈(Tylototriton shanjing)成体的皮肤结构进行了显微观察。观察结果表明,其皮肤厚薄、微血管、色素分布,以及腺体的分布和大小等方面在身体的不同部位存在差异:头和背部的皮肤厚于腹部;黑色素细胞多分布于真皮浅层,以腹部及背侧无瘰粒处多见;真皮层富含黏液腺和颗粒腺,但分布不均匀;头嵴棱部及背部瘰粒下方颗粒腺的数量多、体积大,并充满分泌物;表皮下腺体外突,其表皮细胞层数减少,形成分泌物有效通道。同时,将红瘰疣螈皮肤与其他两栖类相比可知,其以上皮肤结构特征均体现了红瘰疣螈对山区阴湿环境中陆栖生活的重要适应。

Tylototriton shanjing is a national protected species（Class Ⅱ） in China.In this paper,the microstructure of the adult skin of this species was observed.The results showed that the thickness of skin and the distribution of capillaries,pigment,and glands were different in the whole body.The skin of the head and back was thicker than that of the abdomen.Dermal melanocytes shallowly scattered mainly on the abdomen part and the dorsal part where there were no warts.Mucous and granular glands were rich,but they distributed unevenly.Under the head boney ridges and the warts of dorsal skin there were many large granular glands,which were full of secretions.Under epidermal cells,glands were protuberant,and in this part the layers of the epidermal cells were decreased to form an effective channel.Moreover,compared with the other amphibians,the skin structure of T.shanjing indicated its adaption to live in the moisture mountain areas.