数字化珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨的制备及性能研究

Preparation and characteristics of digital coral hydroxyapatite artificial bone

[目的]探讨数字化珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨的制备方法,并研究其理化及结构性能。[方法]将珊瑚羟基磷灰石粉碎成250～500μm微粒,然后将其与左旋-聚乳酸以不同的质量比(2:1、3:1、4:1、5:1)混合均匀后备用。采用Simpleware3.1软件,通过计算辅助设计构建一数字化的圆柱形模型,通过数控转换,将其生成STL格式的文件,导入快速成型机,采用选择性激光烧结快速成型的工艺,将数字化的模型制备成不同质量比的数字化CHA人工骨支架材料。采用压汞仪、材料力学试验机和扫描电镜对不同质量比的数字化CHA人工骨的理化、结构和力学性能进行分析。[结果]对不同的质量比混合均匀的CHA微粒与左旋聚乳酸混合物,采用计算机辅助设计和选择性激光快速成型的工艺,可以制备出数字化CHA人工骨,其加工精度为+0.1cm;随着CHA含量的增多,亲水率、孔隙率和密度逐渐增加,抗压强度逐渐降低,其抗压强度为1.04～3.70MPa;制备的数字化人工骨均具备微孔样结构,孔与孔之间纵横交错,孔径为150～350μm,随CHA含量的增多,大孔径所占的比例逐渐增多。[结论]采用质量比为3:1～4:1的CHA微粒与L-PLA的混合物为原料,通过计算机辅助设计和选择性激光烧结快速成型的工艺,制备的数字化CHA人工骨其理化、结构性能和力学性能优越,具有作为个性化人工骨材料的应用潜力。

[Objective]To research the preparation method of the digital coral hydroxyapatite artifical bone（DCHAB）,and inrestigate its physicochemical and structural characteristics.[Method]The coralline hydroxyapatite（CHA） was smashed into 250 μm-500 μm particles,and then the particles were well-mixed with L-polylactic acid（L-PLA） with different mass ratio（2：1,3：1,4：1,5：1）.With Simpleware 3.1 software,a digital cylindrical model was built by computer-aided design（CAD）.Through the digital conversion,the model was transformed into STL file format,and imported into rapid prototyping machine.The DCHAB was prepared by sintering the mixture of the CHA particles and L-PLA,using elective laser sintering rapid prototyping（SLS RP） process.Physicochemical,structural and mechanical properties of the DCHAB were analyzed by mercury porosimeter,mechanical testing machine and scanning electron microscopy.[Result]For the mixtures of CHA particles and L-PLA with different mass ratios,using CAD and SLS RP process,DCHAB could be prepared,and its machining accuracy was ＋0.1 cm.As the content of CHA increased,the hydrophilic rate,porosity and density of the DCHAB gradually increased,but its compressive strength gradually decreased（the compressive strength：1.04-3.70 MPa）.The DCHAB had microporous structure of interlocking between holes.The pore size was 150 μm-350 μm,and as the content of CHA increased,the proportion of large pore size gradually increased.[Conclusion]When the mixtures of CHA particles and L-PLA with mass ratios of 3：1-4：1 are used as raw materials,and CAD and SLS RP process are selected,the DCHAB can be prepared.The physicochemical,structural and mechanical properties of DCHAB are excellent,and it has an application potential of being a personal artificial bone material.