广西特色花生种质资源经济性状与脂肪酸含量的分析

Analysis on economic character and fatty acid contents in peanut germplasm resources of Guangxi

为筛选出品质优良的花生材料,为新品种选育提供优良种质资源,对100份广西特色花生品种资源进行了田间主要农艺性状观察及脂肪酸含量测定。结果表明,抽查的63个品种株高在21.0～73.0 cm之间,总饱果数21.0～38.0个,百果重141～165 g,百仁重51～60 g,出仁率62%～72%,锈病3～7级,叶斑病4～7级;桂花39含油量最高,为59.20%,其次是桂花31(58.48%)、三河花生(58.26%)、旺茂花生(58.16%)、陆川红花生(58.06%);油酸/亚油酸值最高的是桂253(5.48),其次是十里红花生(4.16)、平政红花生2(3.30);初步筛选出经济性状较好的花生品种有五一花生、三育花生、桂花39和桂花80。

The present experiment has been conducted to screen fine quality peanut varieties and provide germplasm resources for variety breeding.The economic characters and fatty acid contents were measured in 100 distinctive peanut varieties colleted from Guangxi.The results showed that plant height of selected 63 varieties ranged from 21.0-73.0 cm;total pods number,100-pods weight,100-kernel weight and kernel rate ranged from 21.0-38.0,141-165 g,51-60 g and 62-72%,respectively,and the grade of rust and leaf spot ranged from 3-7 and 4-7,respectively.Oil content of Guihua 39 was found 59.20%,followed by Guihua 31（58.48%）,Sanhe peanut（58.26%）,Wangmao peanut（58.16%） and Luchuanhong peanut（58.06%）.The oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio was found highest in Gui 253（5.84%）,followed by Shilihong peanut（4.16%） and Pingzhenghong peanut 2（3.30%）.The data revealed that the economic characteristics of varieties Wuyi peanut,Sanyu peanut,Guihua 39 and Guihua 80 were superior than the other varieties.