凤眼莲有机肥料堆制技术研究及肥料应用

Organic fertilizer composting technology using Eichhornia crassipes and its application

为寻求凤眼莲变害为宝资源化利用技术,以凤眼莲为主原料,甘蔗滤泥及牛粪为辅助原料,进行凤眼莲有机肥料堆制及应用研究。结果表明,采用"微生物菌制剂堆制发酵技术"生产工艺可以生产出优质凤眼莲有机肥料,肥料中全氮、全磷、全钾及有机质含量均达到农业部有机肥料标准;在3种微生物菌剂中,腐熟效果依次为RW酵素剂>瑞莱特微生物腐熟剂>BM堆肥速效菌曲;大田试验中,施用凤眼莲有机肥的韭黄表现为分蘖力强、长势旺、叶色浓绿、产量高,第1批收获产量为21532.5 kg/ha,比不追肥对照区增产14.56%。建议生产上大力推广应用微生物菌制剂堆制发酵技术生产凤眼莲有机肥料,其中RW酵素剂较适合用作凤眼莲原料腐熟剂。

The present experiment aimed to study the organic fertilizer composting technology using Eichhornia crassipes and its application.In the present study,the plants of Eichhornia crassipes were used as major raw material and mixed with auxiliary raw materials,such as filter mud and cow dung.Three bacterial agents were added to the compost,which were Ruilaite microorganism decomposing inoculant,RW ferment agent and BM active compost yeast,for degradation of Eichhornia crassipes.The contents of total N,P,K and organic matters in the Eichhornia crassipes compost have been found equal to the organic fertilizer standards of the Ministry of Agriculture.The composting effectiveness order of the three bacterial agents was as follows： Ruilaite microorganism decomposing inoculantRW ferment agentBM active compost yeast.In field experiment,hotbed chives showed strong tillering ability,fast growth,dark green leaf and high yield after application of organic fertilizer compost of Eichhornia crassipes.The first harvest yield reached 21532.5 kg/ha,which was 14.56% higher compared with the control.It have been suggested that the organic fertilizer compost technology of adding microorganism bacterial agents should be promoted in practical production to make Eichhornia crassipes into organic fertilizer.The RW ferment agent as decomposing inoculant was suitable for making Eichhornia crassipes into organic fertilizer.