氮磷钾肥配施对豫西旱地丹参生产的影响

Effect of Combinative Application of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium on Danshen Production in West Area of Henan Province

采用"3414"试验设计,对豫西地区旱地丹参氮、磷、钾肥配施及其产量和经济效应进行了研究,以确定该地区旱地丹参氮磷钾肥的最优用量及配比关系。结果表明:氮磷钾肥配施丹参平均增产率为32%,氮肥肥效优于磷肥和钾肥。立黄土丹参适宜的氮、磷、钾施肥量分别为210 kg/hm2、75 kg/hm2、90 kg/hm2,其氮磷钾用量之比为1︰0.36︰0.43,每千克化肥平均增产6.27 kg丹参,产投比为4.15,每公顷净利润为33 604元。红黄土丹参施肥量分别为199 kg/hm2、116 kg/hm2、92 kg/hm2,产量为5 257 kg/hm2,净利润为20 696元,投产比2.9,每千克化肥平均增产5 kg产品,其氮磷钾用量之比为1︰0.58︰0.46。关键词:氮磷钾肥配施;丹参;肥料效应;

This paper was to present the effect of combinative applying nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilizers on the yields and economic benefits of Danshen,and to recommend the optimal applying amount and ratio of N,P,K fertilizer in the west areas of Henan province.The results showed that under the optimal applying amount and optimal mix ratio,the Danshen yields increase by 32% on an average,the N fertilizer has better effect on Danshen yields than P and K fertilizer.In the Lihuang soil,the optimal applying rate is 210 kg/hm2 for N,75 kg/hm2 for P and 90 kg/hm2 for K.The ratio of N︰P︰K is 1︰0.36︰0.43.On an average,per kg nutrient increases Danshen yield by 6.27 kg with a ratio of output to input being 4.15.It can bring net profits about 33 604 Yuan RMB per ha.While in Honghuang(Red-Yellow)soil,the recommended rate is 199 kg/hm2 for N,116 kg/hm2 for P and 92 kg/hm2 for K.In this case,Danshen yield reaches 5 257 kg/hm2,and the net profits reaches 20 696 Yuan/hm2.As a result,the ratio of input to output is 2.9,and per kg fertilizer increases Danshen yield by 5 kg,and the ratio of N︰P︰K is 1︰ 0.58︰0.45.