鹅不同杂交组合肉品质比较分析

Comparison of Meat Quality in Different Crossbreed Combination of Chinese Native Geese

本研究选取太湖鹅、四川白鹅、皖西白鹅、五龙鹅、三花鹅设计了8个杂交组合,测定了鹅肌肉主要成分、常规肌肉品质、肌肉物理组织学特性、风味物质含量,分析比较不同鹅种的肉品质情况。结果表明,pH值8个组合没有差异,其余6个指标组间存在差异;剪切力3.09~3.78kg;系水力61.48~66.46%;水分含量66.77~73.05%;蛋白含量21.94~23.32%。脂肪含量1.67~3.06%。肌纤维密度970.79~3102.50根/mm2,各组间存在差异。肌纤维直径12.05~29.45μm,各组间存在差异。8个鹅杂交组合中必须脂肪酸百分含量以三花♀×五龙♂组合最高（13.02%）,多不饱和脂肪酸百分含量以三花♀×太湖♂组合最高（15.39%）;总游离氨基酸含量0.254~0.357g/100g;肌苷酸含量为1.33~4.63mg/g。总体来看三花♀×太湖♂组合肉品质较好。

The study designed selected eight crosses trials among Taihu goose,Sichuan White goose,Wanxi White goose,Wulong goose and Sanhua goose,including Sanhua goose ♂ × Sichuan White ♀（SHSC）,Sichuan White goose ♂ × Wulong goose ♀（SCWL）,Wanxi White goose ♂ × Wulong goose ♀（WXWL）,Sanhua goose ♂ × Wulong goose ♀（SHWL）,Sichuan White ♂ × Taihu goose ♀（SCT）,Wanxi White goose ♂ × Sichuan White goose ♀（WXSC）,Wanxi White goose ♂ × Taihu goose ♀（WXT） and Sanhua goose ♂ × Taihu goose ♀（SHT）.Their meat quality of breast muscle had analyzed and compared,including muscle constituents,conventional meat quality,physics histology characteristic,content of flavor material.The results showed that there was no difference of the pH value among 8 Crosses,whereas other 6 indexes have some differences.The shear force value was 3.09～3.78 kg.The water holding capacity was 61.48%～66.46%.The moisture content was 66.77%～73.05%.The protein content was 21.94%～23.32%.The fat content was 1.67%～3.06%.The muscle fiber density was 970.79～3102.50/mm2.The muscle fiber diameter was 12.05～29.45μm.Among various Crooses,the percentage of essential fatty acids the necessary fatty acid percentage in SHWL was the highest（13.02%）,and polyunsaturated fatty acids in SHT combination was highest（15.39%）.The content of free amino acids was 0.254～0.357 g/100g.The content of insinic acid was 1.33～4.63 mg/g.These results suggested that the meat quality in SHT combination was better.