马氏珠母贝术前处理与育珠研究

STUDY ON PRE-OPERATION CONDITION AND PEARL PRODUCTION OF PINCTADA MARTENSII

为了规范养殖行为,提高马氏珠母贝手术贝的成活率、成珠率和珍珠质量。2008年8月-2009年11月,在广东省湛江市徐闻龙之公司珍珠养殖基地,采用箩筐抑制法、塑料桶抑制法、变层法和淡水浸泡法进行了马氏珠母贝术前处理技术的研究。结果表明,术前处理结束后,各组间的成活率存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）。休养期育珠贝的成活率和留核率存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）,成活率和留核率分别为57.1%-84.0%和54.9%-79.1%;育珠期育珠贝成活率和成珠率存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）,成活率和成珠率分别为63.1%-75.1%和51.1%-70.1%。本实验结果表明经过淡水浸泡处理1h育珠效果最好。

In order to standardize farming operations,increase pearl quality and percentage of high-quality pearls from Pinctada martensii.From August 2008 to November 2009,the pre-operation condition of Pinctada martensii,with weakening process in wicker basket and plastic bucket,culture water depth adjusting and freshwater immersion was carried out at Xuwen Longzhi pearl farm,Zhanjiang,Guangdong.It was found that there existed significant difference in survival rate among the groups after pre-operation condition,with survival rate varying from 80.0% to 95.2%.After 30-day rehabilitation,there were significant differences in survival and retention rates among the groups,with survival and retention rates ranging from 57.1%~84.0% and 54.9%~79.1%,respectively.During the pearl culture,there were significant differences in survival and pearl rates among the groups,with survival and pearl rates being from 63.1%~75.1% and 51.1%~70.1%,respectively.The present results indicate that freshwater immersion for 1 hour is effective to increase the survival,retention and pearl rates of pearl oyster P.martensii,and the method and be used in the commercial culture of the species.