传统·特色·创新:应用型本科院校可持续发展的路径选择

Tradition·Characteristic·Innovation: The Way of Sustainable Development in Application-oriented University

当前,高等教育的发展已转入内涵建设时期。伴随着高考生源的大幅下滑,部分高校将面临生存危机。应用型本科院校主要是在高等教育大众化、普及化进程中由高职高专类院校经过资源重组升格为本科院校的。升本以后,部分应用型高校逐渐失去自我,盲目追求大而全,忽视个性和特色的打造,对考生已逐渐失去吸引力。面对未来部分高校的生存危机,应用型本科院校只有正确地审视自我,传承传统,打造特色,增强吸引力,提升竞争力,才能实现自身的可持续发展。以上海第二工业大学50年发展史为例,剖析了二工大在半个世纪中的发展历程。二工大紧贴时代发展脉搏,历经四次跨越,书写了一部中国职业教育发展史,造就了一批各个时代需要的劳动模范与高级技术应用型人才。面对当前高等教育发展态势,二工大进一步秉承传统,凝练特色,率先在应用型本科院校先行先试专业学位教育,架构高技能人才培养立交桥,为学校发展带来新的生机。二工大的发展表明:应用型本科院校要实现可持续发展,必须秉承传统,这是学校发展的基础;凝练特色,这是学校发展的优势和竞争力所在;开拓创新,这是实现学校可持续发展的源泉和动力。

The development of higher education is entering into professional construction period at present.The enrollment students descend by a large margin leads to survival crisis in some colleges.Application-oriented university upgrades from higher professional college through the resource reorganization in the course of mass and popularization of higher education.After upgrading,some application-oriented universities lose their specific characters gradually and blindly purse large educational scale as well as comprehensive disciplines that leads to lose its attracting for candidates.In this situation,application-oriented university realizes its sustainable development only through the way of forming characteristics.This article takes fifty years development history of Shanghai Second Polytechnic University（SSPU） as an example,points out that SSPU fosters many model workers and higher technology-application-oriented talents meeting with the demands of society in the development of half century and after four strides,which becomes the epitome of Chinese vocational education.Facing the development of higher education,SSPU further inherits its tradition,strengths its features,takes the leading in carrying out professional degree education in the application-oriented universities,builds an overpass of higher technology-oriented talents cultivation and brings new vigor for its development.The development of SSPU shows that application-oriented university realizes its sustainable development by the principles of tradition,characteristic,innovation.Tradition is the base of its development,characteristic reflects its competition and innovation is the source and motive power.