昆明引种国内新选育烤烟品系的试验研究初报

Report on Experiment Research of Domestic New Flue-Cured Tobacco Strains in Kunming

为准确地鉴定参试烤烟新品系在昆明烟区的适应性,给全国烟草品种的审定和区域化种植提供科学依据.2010年,昆明试点以K326为对照,对供试的7个烤烟新品系采用随机完全区组设计进行了小区品比试验.结果表明:所有参试新品系的生物学性状遗传均稳定,从生育期、田间抗病性和经济性状等综合表现来看,以YN105,QL-3和Y892优于对照K326,它们的株型均为塔型,叶片均为长椭圆形.其中,YN105的平均株高149.0 cm,单株叶数27.2片,茎围9.9 cm,节距4.2 cm,最大腰叶长宽为84.2 cm,33.2 cm,移栽至现蕾期73 d,至中心花开放期76 d,大田生育期121 d;QL-3的株高138.4 cm,单株叶数23.7片,茎围9.0 cm,节距6.1 cm,最大腰叶长宽为77.3 cm,32.4 cm,移栽至现蕾期59 d,至中心花开放期64 d,大田生育期114 d;Y892的株高136.2 cm,单株叶数24.4片,茎围10.8 cm,节距5.4 cm,最大腰叶长宽为81.4 cm,38.6 cm,移栽至现蕾期63 d,至中心花开放期66 d,大田生育期117 d.通过进一步开展烟叶品质鉴定和工业评价,有望从这3个新品系中筛选出能满足昆明烟区种植的后备品种.

To identify accurately the adaptability of 7 new flue-cured tobacco strains in Kunming area and provide scientific basis for examining and approving of tobacco varieties and regional planting,seven new strains and K326 were tested by randomized blocks design at Kunming in 2010.The results showed that all new strains had stable biological traits.The three new lines of YN105,QL—3 and Y892 were better than K326 by comprehensive performance from the growth period,field resistance and economic characters,etc.They have tower-type plant and oblong oval leaves.The average natural plant height YN105,QL-3 and Y892 is 149.0 cm,138.4 cm and 136.2 cm,total leaves number per plant of them is 27.2,23.7 and 24.4,stalk circumference of them is 9.9 cm,9.0 cm and 10.8 cm,internodal length of them is 4.2 cm,6.1 cm and 5.4 cm,the biggest waist leaf length of them is 84.2 cm,77.3 cm and 81.4 cm,and the biggest waist leaf width of them is 33.2 cm,32.4 cm and 38.6 cm respectively.The days from transplanting to budding of them is 73 days,59 days and 63 days,the days from transplanting to the center flower blossoming is 76 days,64 days and 66 days,and growth development period of them is 121 days,114 days and 117 days in the field respectively.It will be hopeful to screen backup varieties among them by further appraisal of tobacco leaf quality and industrial evaluation.