低产老化虾池的生态养殖的探讨

Ecological Breeding of Old Low yield Shrimp Ponds

针对目前大批低产老化虾池的改造和可持续生产的问题，设计了一个自然生态养虾新模式。利用长期不能清淤的低产老化虾池和已造成生态失衡的虾池，实行疏放苗，精管理，综合利用、立体开发，混养、轮养。试验结果表明，养殖周期为 ８０～９０ ｄ，对虾成活率６０．５％ ～７６％ ，体长达１０．１～１３．２ ｃｍ ，平均体重 １７．２～１９．２ ｇ／尾，饵料系数 ０．７７～０．８０，平均产量 ６４５～７８０ ｋｇ／ｈｍ ２，鲻鱼产量 ４２０～４６５ ｋｇ／ｈｍ ２ 。整个养殖过程虾池的各种水质理化因子基本符合要求。

For the improvement of the old low yield shrimp ponds and continuous production,a new natural ecological shrimp breeding method has been applied and experiments have been conducted.The new method aims at disease prevention and steady production by taking advantage of the old low yield shrimp ponds in which silt can not be cleared for a long time and those shrimp ponds whose ecological balance has been destroyed,scattering shrimp roes,managing efficiently,making comprehensive use of the ponds,developing in all directions and applying mix farming and alternate farming.The results of the experiments are as follows:the breeding period ranges are from 80 to 90 d the prawn survival rate are 60.5% to 76%;the body length are 10.1 cm to 13.2 cm;average weight are 17.2 g to 19.2 g each;bait coefficent 0.77 to 0.80;yield 645～780 kg/hm 2 and yield of mullet 420～465 kg/hm 2.In a word the prawn is bred in a comparatively steady ecological environment for the water quality meets the standard.