结核杆菌潜伏感染小鼠模型的制备及其评价指标

Establishment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Animal Model and Its Evaluation Indexes—A Review

目前对于结核分枝杆菌进入潜伏期的机制以及再激化的原因知之甚少,一个重要的原因是缺乏潜伏感染(LTBI)动物模型,完整的LTBI模型应包括两种类型,一是低剂量荷菌的持续性感染模型,另一种为潜伏感染模型,即Cornell模型的改进型。综合使用柯氏量表评分、脾肺荷菌数、诱导的IFN-γ和TNF-α水平、组织中IL-10和IL-4的表达、脏器中特异性抗原负荷以及激素诱导TB复发的时间、潜伏感染相关基因的表达水平等指标可以比较准确、客观、特异性的评价小鼠LTBI模型的反应性。

For lacking of latent tuberculosis infection（LTBI） animal models,researchers have little known about the mechanism of M.tuberculosis infection developing into latent phase and reactivating to disease.A sound mouse model for LTBI should contain two types： low-dose of persistent infection model and latent infection model,also known as the modified Cornell model.Many indexes can be used to exactly,objectively and specifically evaluate the reactivity of LTBI model,such as necropsy pathology scores,bacterial burden of spleen and lung,the induced levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α,expression levels of IL-10 and IL-4,burden of specific antigens in organs,time of TB reactivation after hormone injection,and the expression of latent-correlated genes.