滇南地区哈尼族土司制度述略

A Brief Narrate about Tusi Institution of Hani People on Southern Bank of the Honghe River

元朝统一中国后,在西南地区实行"土司制度"。明清之际,中央政府加强对滇南地区的控制,在内地实施了"改土归流"。但是,红河南岸的哈尼族地区,"改土归流"的政策并未具体实施,直到民国初期,土司制度都还得到了比较完整的存留。红河南岸哈尼族地区的土司制度之所以得以保留,其理由就是作为一种制度安排,它还是充满效率的。明清时期,"改土归流"的制度安排在这些地区带来的效益还不能充分超过废除"土司制度"的成本,因此,这些地区实行"土司制度"就是合理的、现实的。

After the unification of China,Yuan Dynasty carried out Tusi institution in southwest China.In the Ming and Qing dynasty, for strengthen control,the central government carried out＂bureaucratization of native officers＂upcountry,but it did not carry out in southern bank of the Honghe River.At the time of the Republic of China,Tusi institution was preserved,so it is reasonable and practical.