论历代庐山石刻的文史价值

On Literary&Historic Values of Stone Sculptures of Mt. Lu in All Ages

庐山成为文化名山,始于中古,历代佛、道、儒三家文化在庐山相互影响而传承不绝。庐山以其独特的奇峰飞瀑、儒佛道文化,加以所处大江大湖之旁的便利交通,吸引了无数官员、文人学者、骚人墨客前来游览、隐居、讲学,高僧名道来此参禅修道。他们观照奇山胜水,寻觅先哲遗踪,情动于中,或题识或纪事,或吟诗或撰联,摩崖镌碑。石刻与名山胜水相得益彰,有着珍贵的文史价值:一是史志价值,记述当时人活动的踪迹,可补史志之不足;二是辑佚价值,可辑补文献图书之不足;三是校勘价值,可以校勘文本某些字句之讹。还有,石刻不少作者署款,提供了创作的准确时间,为研究名人生平提供了可信的资料。

Mt.Lu has become a famous cultural mountain since medieval times.Here 3 different kinds of cultures,i.e.,Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,have had an influence over one another and have been inherited continually.With its unique sheer peaks,grotesque rocks,cascading waterfalls,and cultures of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism as well as its convenient transportation for being located near major rivers and lakes,Mt.Lu attracted countless officials,scholars,writers and poets to come for sightseeing,lead a cloistered life or give lectures,and eminent monks and Taoists to turn to practice of Chan and Taoism.They watched sheer cliffs and beautiful waters,explored traces of ancient sages and felt moved in the process of either writing inscriptions and chronicles or composing poetry,couplets and chiseling inscriptions on sheer cliffs.It is surprising how well all of the stone sculptures fit in with the famous mountain and beautiful waters;thus they have three valuable literary and historic values：the historical records describing traces of mankind activities,the gathering of scattered writings supplementing limited books and documents and the collation emending errors of some words and sentences in some documents.What＇s more,quite a few authors of stone sculptures left their seals and the actual composition time,which provides us with reliable proofs to make a thorough investigation of life stories of celebrities.