我国禾谷多粘菌地理分布和生理分化研究

THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION OF Polymyxa graminis IN CHINA

调查我国２６ 个省、市、自治区，９３ 个县市，１８３ 个取样点，１ ３７３ 个大、小麦根样本。根据休眠孢子出现频率（有休眠孢子样本数／总样本数）和每克麦根休眠孢子数，将我国禾谷多粘菌的分布区分为３ 个，多菌区包括江、浙、沪、皖、赣、湘、鄂和鲁的大部分和川、陕小部分，冀个别地区；少菌区包括豫大部和晋、甘小部或个别地区；其余地区为无菌区。分布区主要在长江、黄河和淮河中下游流域。禾谷多粘菌的分布范围比大麦黄花叶病等 ３ 种病毒病的分布更广泛。

During an investigation,1373 samples of barley or wheat roots were obtained from 183 places at 93 counties in 26 provinces in China.According to the frequency of resting spores presented (no. of samples with resting spores/no. of total samples) and the amount of resting spores in one gram of barley or wheat roots,the distribution of Polymyxa graminis was divided into three kinds of regions:regions with high amount of P.griminis, including most areas of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangxi, Shandong, Hunan and Hubei,and some areas of Sichuan and Shaanxi;regions with low amount of P.graminis, including most areas of Henan,and some areas of Shanxi,Gansu;in the rest regions, P.graminis was not found.In general, P.graminis was mainly distributed in winter barley or wheat growing areas around the Middle lower reaches of Yangtze River,Yellow River and Huaihe.However,the distribution range of P.graminis was much wider than that of the three fungal transmitted barley or wheat viruses.The present study also discussed physiological differentiation in the isolates of P.graminis in China.