芳香新塔花挥发油超临界CO2萃取工艺研究及GC—MS分析

Study on the Extraction Technology and the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of the Essential Oils of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. by SFE-CO2

采用超临界CO2萃取法萃取芳香新塔花挥发油．通过正交试验L9（3^4），以萃取缸的压力、萃取缸的温度以及萃取的时间为因素，优选出芳香新塔花挥发油的最佳提取工艺：萃取缸压力20MPa，萃取缸温度45℃，萃取时间60min。CO2超临界萃取其挥发油得率为3．50％，是水蒸气蒸馏法得率（1．46％）的2．4倍。芳香新塔花挥发油通过GC-MS分析，其主要成分是长叶薄荷酮、异薄荷酮等23种化合物，与水蒸气蒸馏萃取出的挥发油主要成分相似。用CO2超临界萃取技术提取芳香新塔花中的挥发油，可在常温下进行，并且CO2无毒，无残留，节约能耗，气源来源稳定，可循环使用，提取工艺简单，萃取效率高，适宜批量制备。

The essential oil was extracted in Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. from Xinjiang by subcritical CO2 fluid extraction instead of traditional steam distillation extraction. To optimize processing conditions of SFE CO2, the factors, the pressure of extraction cylinder（ A）, the temperature of extraction cylinder（B） and the extracting time （C）, were studied through measuring extraction rate of the essential oil and using orthogonal experimental. The optimized conditions was ： the pressure of extraction cylinder was 20 MPa,the temperature of extraction cylinder was 45 ℃ and the extracting time was 60 min. And the chemical Composition of the essential oil was determined by GC-MS analysis. 23 compounds were identified and the main ingredients were pulegone, isomenthone, pahnic acid, d-carvone, 3-carvomcnthenone etc, which were similar with the main compositions of the oil extracted by steam distillation extraction. There are many advantages of supercritical CO2 extraction technique, such as high extraction yields, good product quality, and no organic solvents residue. And this technique lays the foundation for the industrial production of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. oil and the development of correlated product.