基于微卫星标记的湖羊资源保护效果的评价

Conservation Efficiency of Hu Sheep Based on Microsatellite Markers

为了比较江苏省湖羊资源保护区和苏州市种羊场2个湖羊保种群体的保种效果,了解湖羊遗传多样性的现状,为探索科学有效的保种方法提供理论依据,采用微卫星DNA标记技术,从全基因组水平对保护区和种羊场2个群体进行了遗传多样性和遗传分化分析。结果显示:2个湖羊群体的遗传多样性丰富,保护区稍高于种羊场,多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.821和0.798,期望杂合度(He)分别为0.849 6和0.836 9;两群体间存在着较大的基因交流基因流[基因流(Nm)=16.793 0],群体间遗传分化水平低[群体分化系数(Fst)=0.014 7],保护区的近交程度[近交系数(Fis)=0.451 0]稍高于种羊场(Fis=0.394 5)。2个群体均较好地维持了湖羊丰富的遗传多样性,保种效果差异不大,但应尽量避免近交。

To evaluate the effect of breeds conservation of two Hu sheep populations in order to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the effective conservation method,the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of two Hu sheep populations,from Hu Sheep Resource Conservation District of Jiangsu Province（RCDJP） and Hu Sheep Breeding Farm of Suzhou City（BFSC）,were analyzed by microsatellites DNA marker at genome-wide level.The results showed that the two populations had rich genetic diversities,and the genetic diversity of RCDJP population was higher than that of BFSC.In RCDJP and BFSC populations,the polymorphism information content（PIC） were 0.821 and 0.798 respectively,and the heterozygosity expected（He） were 0.849 6 and 0.836 9 respectively.There was a great gene flow（Nm =16.793 0） between the two populations,and the level of genetic differentiation was low（Fst =0.014 7）.The degree of inbreeding of RCDJP population（Fis=0.451 0） was higher than that of the BFSC population（Fis=0.394 5）.In conclusion,the two populations have maintained rich genetic diversity of Hu sheep,and there is little difference between them.However,inbreeding should still be avoided.