超高产亚亚种杂交中粳组合选育方法的探讨

Studies on the Breeding Way of Medium Japonica Hybrid Rice Combination between Sub subspecies with the Super high Yield

以利用粳爪（或光）交亚亚种杂种优势为出发点，探讨长江中下游和沿淮生态区一季中粳杂交稻组合及其亲本的选育方法。确定以提高千粒重为突破口，选育产量结构为 ２７７．５ 万穗／ｈｍ ２×２００ 粒／穗×８０％ 结实率×２８ｇ 千粒重的组合模式。利用光壳稻和爪哇稻，育成理论产量超过 １４０ｔ／ｈｍ ２ 的 Ｎ４２２ Ｓ／ Ｈ Ｐ１２１、 Ｎ４２２ Ｓ／ Ｚ Ｙ８１７８、 Ｈ Ｐ１２１ Ｓ／ Ｚ Ｙ８２８６ 等一批符合目标的超高产杂交中粳组合，并有效地解决杂交稻因亲缘关系扩大而存在的生育期、株高、结实率、饱满度以及株型等问题。

On the basis of the heterosis utilization of the japonica javanica (or Nuda) hybrid rice,the breeding way was discussed for the medium japonica hybrid rice combinatioin and its parents in the middle and low ecological areas of the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. Through the improvement of 1000 grain weight, the yield structure of hybrid rice should be 277.5(10 4·hm -2 )×200(grains per panicle)×80% (seed setting) ×28g (1000 grain weight).By making use of Nuda and Javanica, the goal medium japonica hybrid rice N422s×HP121, N422s×ZY8178 and HP121s×ZY8286 etc. were bred and their yields were as high as 14.0t/hm 2 in theory, and the problem of the days to heading, plant height,seed setting,plumpness,plant type in hybrid rice was effectually overcome because of genetic diversity between parents.