高速铁路隧道火灾列车继续运行疏散模式CFD分析

CFD Simulation on Evacuation of a High-Speed Train Continue-to-Roll During Long Tunnel Fires

我国高速铁路铁路火灾疏散问题日益引起广泛关注。首先分析了隧道内列车火灾疏散模式及安全疏散准则,然后采用CFD(计算流体动力学)方法模拟了CRH(中国高速铁路)动车组在铁路隧道发生列车火灾时,采用继续运行疏散模式时温度场变化以及烟气扩散规律.计算结果表明:列车在隧道内继续运行疏散过程中,列车活塞风的作用主导了烟气的运动轨迹,烟气的逆流效应几乎不存在,上游车厢基本不受影响,下游车厢内的流场温度和烟气浓度随时间增加而增长,并且在火灾达到最大规模时会趋于稳定。在继续运行疏散过程中,火灾规模和列车运行速度对下游车厢烟气流场的分布有较大影响,是影响人员安全疏散的两个主要因素.

Evacuation of high-speed train fires in tunnels is becoming a wide concerned issue.The paper first presents different modes of evacuation during train tunnel fires and discussion on the safety criteria of evacuations for passengers.Based on the computational fluid dynamics（CFD）,a simulation test was made of the spread of gas temperature and smoke with time in tunnels and the railcars when a train continued rolling after a fire.The results show that the wind caused by the moving train controls the track of the gas and smoke of the fire.All the gas and smoke move downstream instead of moving upstream,so the upstream railcars are safe when the train continues rolling for evacuation,and the gas temperature and smoke in downstream railcars keep up increasing with time.The fire heart rease rate（HRR）and train velocity have important effects on the rate of gas and smoke spread in the downstream railcar during the evacuation.