不同肥料对水稻生长和土壤微生物量的影响

Effects of different fertilizations on yield of rice and biological characters of paddy soil

通过田间小区试验,研究了有机栽培方式下3种肥料与常规化肥对水稻产量以及全生育期的土壤微生物量的影响。结果表明,生态肥与有机肥混施可以使水稻的产量构成更加优化,增产效果更显著,其产量较单施有机肥增加10.5%;常规施肥的产量较有机肥对照提高8.1%,矿粉与有机肥混施与单施有机肥产量相近。常规种植条件下施用化肥水稻叶片叶绿素SPAD峰值出现在移栽后15 d;而有机栽培水稻多出现在移栽后80 d。水稻全生育期以生态肥和有机肥混合的土壤微生物C量较大,有机肥处理次之,常规施用化肥较有机栽培的微生物生物量C有减少的趋势且变异系数较高。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilizations on yields of rice and paddy soil microbial biomass.The results showed that eco-fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could obviously enhance rice yield and improve yield components,and the yield increased by 10.5% compared with organic fertilizer treatment.Yields of rice in plot used chemical fertilizers increased by 8.1%,but yields of mineral powder mingled with organic fertilizer treatment and organic fertilizer treatment were almost equal.The peak value of chlorophyll content（SPAD value） in rice was observed on 15 d after transplanting under the normal planting condition with chemical fertilizer,while it was observed on 80 d after transplanting under organic fertilizer treatment.The mean soil microbial biomass-C in the treatment of NST was higher during whole rice growth stage,CK was the second,and GP showed a decrease compared with CK and its variation coefficient was the highest.