至乐自然──论《庄子》的音乐美学思想

Of the Music Philosophy in the Book of Chuang Tzu

《庄子》的音乐美学思想应概括为"至乐自然"。"至乐自然"是《庄子》评判音乐美的标准。美好的音乐有籁乐、至乐、天乐;不好的音乐有失性之乐、屈礼之乐、不适之乐。"至乐自然"反映了《庄子》对音乐本源的认识,音乐是"道、心、物"三位一体的产物。"至乐自然"规定了音乐"和"的功能。"至乐自然"肯定"有声"、"人为"之乐。"至乐自然"揭示了音乐审美的心理活动历程。庄子是道家音乐的伟大旗手。

The music philosophy covered in the Book of Chuang Tzu can be summarized as music of nature which is a criteria of judging music by the book Chuang Tzu. Great music is called optimal music, music of nature and music of heaven, while poor music is inharmonious, improperly humble, and repulsive. The concept of music of nature is deeply rooted in The Book of Chuang Tzu, which holds that music is the integration of Tao, heart and entity. Music of nature defines the harmonious function of music and acclaims the idea that music is pleasant sounds ereatedby people. The idea illustrates the mental process of music appreciation. In this sense, Chuang Tza, the great saint of ancient China, may be regarded as the great pioneer of Taoist music.