北京市40岁以上医务人员脑卒中相关风险现况调查

The study on the stroke risk factors in medical staff over the age of 40 in Beijing

目的调查北京地区40岁以上医务人员脑卒中相关风险的分布。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,从北京市38所医院4278例医务人员中抽取1426例,调查其脑卒中相关风险。结果入选人群中各危险因素所占比例由高到低依次为,高脂血症(468例,32.8%)、伏案工作>6h(464例,32.5%)、高血压(323例,22.7%)、每日活动<30min(285例,20.0%)。男性危险因素前3位为,高脂血症(35.94%)、高血压(27.46%)、吸烟(18.53%);女性危险因素前3位为,高脂血症(31.39%)、高血压(20.45%)、睡眠障碍(17.28%)。其中,高血压、高脂血症、吸烟等危险因素在男性中的比例高于女性,女性肥胖的比例高于男性。结论一日三餐没有规律,不注意营养搭配;劳动强度大,伏案工作时间过长,缺乏体力活动,睡眠不足;精神处于高度紧张状态等状况可能是目前导致医务人员脑卒中危险因素发生的主要原因。

Objective To understand the distribution of stroke risk factors in medical staff over the age of 40 in Beijing. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used for this study. 1426 subjects in 38 hospitals in Beijing were collected and investigated for stroke risk factors. Results The important risk factors ranked from high to low among the 1426 subjects were hyperlipidemia （in 468 subjects, 32.8%）, works longer than 6 hours （in 464 subjects, 32.5%）, hypertension （in 323 subjects, 22.7%）, daily activities for less than 30 minutes （in 285 subjects, 20.0%）. The top three major risk factors for men were hyperlipidemia （35.94%）, hypertension （27.46%） and smoking （18.53%）, while those three major risk factors for women were hyperlipidemia （31.39%）, hypertension （20.45%） and sleep disturbance （17.28%）. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and other risk factors were higher in men than those in women and the proportion of obese was higher in women than that in men. Conclusion Irregular meal schedule,ignorance of nutrition level, labor-intensive and over-working life style, no regular schedule for exercise, lack of sleep, high stress level may lead medical staff to increased risk for stroke.